PMBus Protocol Support

Power

Power Management Bus

What is PMBus?

PMBus (Power Management Bus) is an open-standard power management protocol built on top of SMBus, designed for digital communication with and control of power conversion devices such as voltage regulators (VRMs), DC-DC converters, power supplies, and power sequencing controllers. The PMBus specification defines a comprehensive set of standardized commands for setting output voltage, configuring current limits, reading telemetry data (voltage, current, temperature, power), managing fault responses, and controlling power supply sequencing. PMBus uses the same two-wire SDA/SCL interface as SMBus and I2C, operating at up to 400 kHz. Data values in PMBus use a linear format (Linear11 or Linear16) for transmitting real-world measurements with defined exponents and mantissas. PMBus is extensively used in servers, telecom equipment, data center power infrastructure, networking equipment, and any system requiring intelligent power management. Protocol analysis for PMBus is vital because power management failures can damage hardware or cause system instability. Engineers need to verify that voltage setpoints are correctly programmed, that telemetry readings match expected values, that fault thresholds are properly configured, and that power sequencing follows the required order and timing. Decoding raw PMBus transactions into meaningful command names and scaled engineering values (volts, amps, watts) is essential for efficient debugging.

PMBus Quick Reference

type Serial, synchronous
signals SDA, SCL (I2C-based)
max Speed 400 kHz
voltage Range 1.8V – 5V
features Power supply control

Acute Instruments Supporting PMBus

Recommended Solutions

Recommended for Decode

TB3016F

TB3016F

With Analog Channels

MSO2116E

MSO2116E

All Supporting Products

Protocol Decode
Hardware Trigger
Protocol Exerciser

LA4000 Series

MSO2000 Series

TravelBus Series

TravelLogic Series

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How to Analyze PMBus with Acute Instruments

1

Connect your Acute logic analyzer to the SDA and SCL lines of the PMBus.

2

Attach a ground lead to the board's ground reference, ideally near the power management circuitry.

3

In the Acute software, select the PMBus protocol decoder and assign SDA and SCL to the correct channels.

4

Configure the decoder to recognize PMBus command codes and data formats (Linear11, Linear16, or Direct).

5

Capture and view decoded PMBus transactions showing command names (VOUT_COMMAND, READ_VOUT, READ_IOUT, STATUS_WORD, etc.), data values in engineering units, and any fault or warning flags.

Frequently Asked Questions

What sample rate is required for PMBus analysis?
PMBus operates over SMBus at up to 400 kHz, so a sample rate of 2-4 MHz is sufficient for reliable decoding. Even entry-level Acute logic analyzers far exceed this requirement. The key challenge with PMBus analysis is not sample rate but rather correctly interpreting the command-specific data formats.
Why do my PMBus decoded values look incorrect?
PMBus uses different data formats for different commands — Linear11 for most telemetry values, Linear16 for voltage readbacks, and Direct format for some devices. If decoded values appear incorrect, verify that the data format setting in the decoder matches the format used by your specific power management IC. Check the device datasheet for any manufacturer-specific command codes or non-standard data formats.
How many channels do I need for PMBus?
PMBus requires 2 channels for SDA and SCL. If your design has multiple PMBus segments (common in servers with separate buses for different power domains), allocate 2 channels per bus. Adding a channel for the SMBALERT# or CONTROL line can help correlate power management events with bus communication.

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