USB 1.1 Protocol Support

Embedded Systems

Universal Serial Bus 1.1

What is USB 1.1?

USB 1.1 (Universal Serial Bus 1.1) is the original widely-deployed USB specification, supporting Low Speed (1.5 Mbps) and Full Speed (12 Mbps) data transfer over a differential D+/D- signal pair. USB 1.1 devices are still manufactured and widely used — keyboards, mice, microcontrollers with built-in USB, HID devices, CDC serial adapters, and many industrial/medical devices use USB 1.1 Full Speed. The protocol includes device enumeration, descriptor exchange, control/bulk/interrupt/isochronous transfer types, and hub-managed bus topology. Engineers debugging USB 1.1 devices need to analyze enumeration sequences, decode SETUP/IN/OUT token packets, verify descriptor responses, and diagnose communication errors at the packet level.

USB 1.1 Quick Reference

type Serial, differential
signals D+, D-
max Speed 12 Mbps (Full Speed)
voltage Range 3.3V
standard USB 1.1

Acute Instruments Supporting USB 1.1

Recommended Solutions

Recommended for Decode

TB3016F

TB3016F

With Analog Channels

MSO2116E

MSO2116E

All Supporting Products

Protocol Decode
Hardware Trigger
Protocol Exerciser

LA4000 Series

MSO2000 Series

TravelBus Series

TravelLogic Series

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How to Analyze USB 1.1 with Acute Instruments

1

Connect your Acute logic analyzer to the USB D+ and D- signals, either directly at the connector or at a breakout board.

2

Attach a ground lead to the target board's ground reference.

3

In the Acute software, select the USB 1.1 protocol decoder and assign D+ and D- to the correct input channels.

4

Configure the expected speed mode (Low Speed or Full Speed).

5

Capture and view decoded USB transactions showing SETUP, IN, OUT, and SOF tokens, data packets, handshake (ACK/NAK/STALL), and device descriptor contents during enumeration.

Frequently Asked Questions

What sample rate do I need for USB 1.1 analysis?
USB Full Speed (12 Mbps) uses NRZI encoding, so data transitions can occur at 12 MHz. Sample at a minimum of 48 MHz (4x the data rate) for reliable decoding. For USB Low Speed (1.5 Mbps), 12 MHz sampling is sufficient. Higher sample rates of 100 MHz or more provide better margin for handling signal quality variations on the D+/D- lines.
Why is my USB 1.1 device failing enumeration?
USB enumeration failures are commonly caused by incorrect device descriptor responses, timing violations in the SETUP-DATA-STATUS transaction sequence, or electrical issues on the D+/D- lines. Capture the bus during device connection and decode the enumeration sequence. Look for the host's SETUP packet requesting the device descriptor, verify the device responds with valid descriptor data within the required timeout, and check for NAK or STALL handshake responses that indicate the device is not ready or rejecting the request.
How many channels are needed for USB 1.1 analysis?
USB 1.1 requires 2 channels for D+ and D-. The decoder uses both differential lines to determine the bus state (J, K, SE0, SE1) and NRZI data encoding. If you also want to monitor the VBUS power line or a USB reset/suspend signal, add 1-2 additional channels. Most USB 1.1 debugging requires only 2 channels.

Related Protocols

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