MII Protocol Support

Computers & Servers

Media Independent Interface

What is MII?

MII (Media Independent Interface) is the standard parallel interface between an Ethernet MAC controller and a PHY transceiver for 10/100 Mbps Ethernet. Defined in IEEE 802.3u, MII uses separate 4-bit-wide transmit and receive data paths, each with its own clock, plus control signals for carrier sense, collision detection, and data valid indication. MII operates at 2.5 MHz for 10 Mbps Ethernet and 25 MHz for 100 Mbps. Engineers debugging Ethernet connectivity at the hardware level use MII analysis to verify data framing, clock timing, and MAC-PHY communication during link establishment and packet transfer.

MII Quick Reference

type Parallel
signals TXD[3:0], RXD[3:0], TX_CLK, RX_CLK, etc.
max Speed 25 MHz (100 Mbps)
voltage Range 3.3V
standard IEEE 802.3u

Acute Instruments Supporting MII

Recommended Solutions

Recommended for Decode

TL4234B

TL4234B

All Supporting Products

Protocol Decode
Hardware Trigger
Protocol Exerciser

LA4000 Series

MSO2000 Series

MSO3000 Series

TravelLogic Series

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How to Analyze MII with Acute Instruments

1

Connect your Acute logic analyzer to the MII signals: TXD[3:0], RXD[3:0], TX_CLK, RX_CLK, TX_EN, RX_DV, and optionally CRS and COL.

2

Attach a ground lead to the target board's ground reference.

3

In the Acute software, select the MII protocol decoder and assign each signal to the correct input channel.

4

Configure the expected Ethernet speed (10 Mbps or 100 Mbps).

5

Capture and view decoded Ethernet frames showing preamble, MAC addresses, EtherType, payload, and FCS for both transmit and receive directions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What sample rate do I need for MII analysis?
For 100 Mbps MII (25 MHz clock), sample at a minimum of 100 MHz (4x the clock). For 10 Mbps MII (2.5 MHz clock), 10-25 MHz is sufficient. Higher sample rates provide better timing margin for verifying data setup and hold times relative to the clock edges.
Why is my MII decoder not showing valid Ethernet frames?
Invalid frame decoding usually indicates incorrect signal assignment — MII has many signals and swapping TXD with RXD or using the wrong clock for each direction is a common mistake. Verify that TX_CLK is associated with TXD and TX_EN, and that RX_CLK is associated with RXD and RX_DV. Also confirm that the voltage threshold is set correctly for 3.3V MII signals.
How many channels are needed for MII analysis?
Full bidirectional MII analysis requires 12-14 channels: TXD[3:0], TX_CLK, TX_EN, TX_ER (7 TX), RXD[3:0], RX_CLK, RX_DV, RX_ER (7 RX), plus optionally CRS and COL. For unidirectional monitoring (TX or RX only), 7 channels are sufficient. The LA4000 and LA3000 series provide the channel count needed for MII.

Related Protocols

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